Is The Concept of Conspiracy Valid As Theory?
By Allen
J Duffis
Published: February 9, 2009
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More relevant than any discussion of the merits of Conspiracy as a legitimate form of Theory, is the latent fact that there are so many out there who don't think that Conspiracy as Concept, in and of itself, is at all a credible one. 
As a scientific person I find this general perception more incredible than any conspiracy theory I have ever been exposed to. What we do not have within the scientific lexicon is a descriptive terminology for - refusal to accept the probability of a non logical possibility. If there is indeed no such thing as a 'conspiracy', then why have the term in the dictionary? For that matter, why even bother to teach it as valid terminology in the English language or any language whatsoever? From my point of view, however, the concept of 'conspiracy' is as real as those who reject it. What should be taken into consideration is the validity of the specific conspiracy theory in question. More often outright rejection reflects a refusal by many of a bigoted partisan viewpoint, to accept for consideration only alternate theories presented or proposed by those of a similar political or religious outlook. In other words, Liberal minded individuals tend not to accept any opinions brought forth by Conservatives, and vice versa. Quite simply, its the nature of the beast. What should be taken into consideration is the validity of the specific conspiracy theory in question. Such generally voiced conspiracies as that of the corporate world hiding the secret of making hydrocarbon based combustive fuel (gasoline) from water, or the concealment of the supposedly 'known' technology of the lifetime battery beg disbelief. There are, however, other circumstances that warrant serious reconsideration of this logic limited outlook.
The Truth is Out There - Somewhere 
From personal recollection, I can think of three historical incidents that press the envelope of logical explanation: (1) The death of film star Marilyn Monroe (2) The assassination of President John F. Kennedy (3) The Roswell UFO Incident These three enigmas that taunt history and fact all have gaping holes in the evidence presented to discourage them, and tend instead to lend credibility to the acceptance of their logical and, sometimes, illogical explanations. One has to be either brain dead or simply accept these 'official denouncements' at face value. Personally, I prefer a third alternative: exploration. The Death of Marilyn Monroe 
On August 6, 1962, 36 year-old actress Marilyn Monroe was found by her live-in housekeeper, dead in the bedroom at her Brentwood, California home. Her death was ruled, "acute Barbiturates poisoning" by Dr. Thomas Nugochi and listed as a 'probable' suicide - even though no trace of the barbiturate in her bloodstream could be found in her stomach. The vast majority of medical experts say that it is is, in their learned opinion - virtually impossible. Jack Clemmons, the first Los Angeles police department officer to arrive at the scene, openly stated that in his 'experienced' opinion - she was murdered. The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy 
In September of 1964 the Warren Assassination Committee Report concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald had fired all three shots that were involved in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, and that there was no evidence of a conspiracy either domestic or foreign. Fifteen years after the Warren Commission Report, the House Select Committee on Assassinations challenged the Warren Commission's conclusions, blaming in part the CIA's lack of cooperation with the Warren Commission. They concluded that at least four shots were fired, not three, and that President was more than likely met his death as part of a conspiracy. Their conclusions were based upon sound bites from a background recording (the Dictabelt recordings) made at the time of the assassination. What it all hinges upon, however, was just how good a sharpshooter was the suspected assassin Lee Harvey Oswald? And upon examination of this man's well-documented ability with firearms, his lone involvement in JFK's assassination becomes highly suspect. While in the marines, Oswald trained in the use of the M1 rifle, and when tested in December of 1956, scored 212: which was 2 points above the minimum for sharpshooter - after five attempts to qualify. In May of 1959, on another range he scored 191: or 1 point above qualification for sharpshooter - it was his third try. He was also once court martialled twice, once for shooting himself in the elbow with an unauthorized handgun. 
In 1963, Oswald did make an assassination attempt on the life of retired General Edwin Walker (with a mail order Carcano 6.5 mm rifle), as the General was sitting stationary in his living room reading a book. With the enhanced aid of a four power telescopic scope, Oswald fired from less than 100 feet away - and missed. Based upon this sterling record of firearms capability, we are asked to accept that this inept individual, as a 'lone-gunman, was capable of shooting an American president, in a turning moving vehicle, from hundreds of yards away on a windy day in Dallas Texas and - managing to hit his target dead on, two times, with three rapidly fired shots. On November 24th while being conveyed in handcuffs from the Dallas police station to the county jail, Lee Harvey Oswald was shot and killed by Dallas nightclub owner Jack Ruby. The only reporter to speak interview Ruby in the Dallas courthouse where he was being tried for the murder of Lee Harvey Oswald, was famed reporter, Dorothy Kilgallen. Kilgallen however never revealed the content of that interview. She had also obtained a copy of Ruby's testimony to the Warren Commission, but never revealed her source - which sparked the FBI to enlarge the file they already kept on her. 
Kilgallen was a well-known critic of the government, and had once in print stated that the CIA had recruited members of the Mafia to assassinate Fidel Castro (which years later was revealed to have been true). On the evening of November 7 1965, after appearing on the television show, "What's My Line", Kilgallen made a brief appearance at a dinner party with friends and associates at New York's famed Sardi's Restaurant. Those in attendance said she was bright and cheerful and spoke to several of them about "blowing the Kennedy assassination wide open." That was the last time anyone saw her alive. On the morning of November 8, she was found dead by her housekeeper. The coroner's report stated that an accidental overdose of Seconal and the imbibing of alcohol had probably caused her death. However, there was no evidence of intentional suicide or foul play. Her death was listed as - undetermined - and none of Kilgallen's notes on her interview with Jack Ruby were ever found. The Roswell Incident 
During the night of July 6, 1947, the area of Roswell New Mexico was pounded by a severe thunderstorm. On the morning of the next day, a rancher named William"Mac" Brazel (accounts vary as to actual timing) was surveying the back area of the Foster Ranch where he was employed as a foreman. What he found became the genesis of either the biggest hoax or cover up in the history of the United States. What Brazel claimed he found was innocent enough at the outset: a half-mile area filled with debris, which according to Brazel - "was like nothing I ever seen before!" At least, that's what he informed the town sheriff, who was then moved to contact the nearby Air Force Base to investigate. Base commander, William Blanchard, of the 509th Eighth Army Group Roswell Army Air Field sent his head intelligence officer, Major Jesse Marcel, and an associate, Lt. Walter Haut, to the site. There they observed the debris strewn over a large area of 'something' that had crashed. They then retrieved some of the 'mysterious' material, and later informed the newspapers they had what they thought were the remains of a crashed Flying Saucer. However, within two days, Brig. General Roger A. Ramey, Commander of the Eighth Army Air Forces, ordered Marcel to retract his version of the incident, and to report that what they actually recovered was the remains of an air force high altitude weather balloon (years later to be revealed as Project Mogul). In to his death, Marcel claimed that wasn't the truth and that he was forced to make that contradictory report. Over a 60 year period the relevant authorities and government agencies involved have come up with five different explanations to account for all that has been reported: at about the third explanation a lie is being given birth to. What the lie is about I can't say! But with the advent of the fifth explanation, quite simply, - it becomes a lie of incredible proportions. Evolution of the Roswell Event - 1947 to the Present
General Ramey's press conference and rancher Brazel's 'corrected'
account effectively ended this as a UFO-related matter until 1978, although some
UFO researchers argue that there were several obtuse references to it in 1950's
era literature. Roswell, for example, is not referred to in the official USAF
investigation of UFOs reported in Project Bluebook or its predecessors, Project
Sign and Project Grudge, which ran from 1948-1969 (which Congressman Schiff
subsequently learned when he made his original inquiry). In 1978, an article appeared in a tabloid newspaper, the National Inquirer, reported that the former intelligence officer, Marcel, claimed that he had recovered UFO debris near Roswell in 1947. Also in 1978, a UFO researcher, Stanton Friedman, met with Marcel and began investigating the claims that the material Marcel handled was from a crashed UFO. Similarly, two authors, William L. Moore and Charles Berlitz, also
engaged in research, which led them to publish a book, The Roswell Incident, in
1980. In this book they reported they interviewed a number of persons who
claimed to have been present at Roswell in 1947, and professed to be either
first or second hand witnesses (both civilian and former military personnel) to
strange events that supposedly occurred. The overall thrust of these articles, books is that the "Roswell
Incident" was actually the crash of a craft from another world, the US
Government recovered it, and has been "covering up" this fact from the American
public since 1947, using a combination of disinformation, ridicule, and threats
of bodily harm, to do so. Generally, the US Air Force bears the brunt of these
accusations. From the rather benign description of the "event" and the recovery of some material as described in the original newspaper accounts, the "Roswell Incident" has since grown to mythical (if not mystical) proportions in the eyes and minds of some researchers, portions of the media and at least part of the American public. There are also now several major variations of the "Roswell story", which has since grown from a minimal amount of debris recovered from a small area to airplane loads of debris from multiple huge "debris fields." Most versions now claim that there were two crash sites where
debris was recovered; and at the second site, alleged bodies of extraterrestrial
aliens were supposedly retrieved. The number of these "alien bodies" recovered
also varied. These claims are further complicated by the fact that UFO
researchers are not in agreement among themselves as to exactly where these
recovery sites were located or even the dates of the alleged crash(es). Consistently, however, the AAF was accused of securing these sites, recovering all the material there from, keeping locals away, and returning the recovered wreckage (and bodies) to Roswell under extremely tight security for further processing and later exploitation. 
Once back at Roswell AAF, it is alleged that special measures and arrangements made to have the recovered materials shipped to other locations for analysis. These locations included Ft. Worth, Texas, the home of the Eighth Air Force Headquarters, and Wright Field, now known as Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio. The latter location was the home of "T-2" which later became known as the Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) and the Air Materiel Command (AMC), and would, in fact, be a logical location to study unknown materials from whatever origin. Most of the Roswell stories that contain the recovery of alien bodies also show them being shipped to Wright Field, where the material and bodies were dispersed for further analysis and/or exploitation, the government in general, and the Army Air Forces in particular, then engaged in covering up all information relating to the alleged crash and recovery, including the use, of security oaths to military persons and the use of coercion (including alleged death threats) to others. This, as theorized by some UFO researchers, has allowed the government to keep the fact that there is intelligent extra-terrestrial life from the American public for 47 years. It also supposedly allowed the US Government to exploit recovered extraterrestrial materials by reverse engineering them, ultimately providing such things as fiber optic and stealth technology. ................................................................................................ One does wonder why, after more than 62-years, all of the incident data recovered under the Freedom of Information Act results in more than 60 percent of the documentation delivered having been redacted (blacked out). Why? The situation begs one to inquire, why over a 62-year period the government agencies involved have come up with FIVE different explanations to account for all that has been reported? And they have never adequately explained how so many people could have witnessed an air force project that didn't start until almost two years after the incident itself? At about the fifth explanation, no matter how you cut the pie, a lie is being given birth to. Closing Arguments All of us who can and are willing to "Think" understand that TRUTH is the ultimate victim in the - Conspiracy Theorem. Both witnesses (expert and public at large) and officialdom share equal blame for the state of confusion that usually results. One side 'wants to prove -something', and the other 'wants to conceal something - for whatever reason or reasons.' These forces, aided and abetted by the press, are akin to two speeding automobiles headed directly at one another, while directly in the path of both, virtually defenseless, stands the - Truth and the public. Nevertheless, bare this in mind, Conspiracies can exist, do exist and will always be a part of all future probability where humans are concerned. As I stated at the beginning, it's the nature of the beast.
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